参考文献（第11/13页）

Pressman, Jeremy. “Why Deny Syria Is in a Civil War?” Mideast Matrix, January 16,2012: http://mideastmatrix.wordpress.com/2012/01/16/syria-civil-war.

Price, Jonathan J. Thucydides and Internal War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Raaflaub, Kurt A., Dignitatis contentio: Studien z. Motivation u. polit. Taktik im Burgerkrieg zwischen Caesar u. Pompeius. Munich: Beck, 1974.

—.“Caesar the Liberator? Factional Politics, Civil War, and Ideology,” 35 – 67. In Francis Cairns and Elaine Fantham, eds., Caesar Against Liberty? Perspectives on his Autocracy, Papers of the Langford Latin Seminar 11. Cambridge: Francis Cairns, 2003.

—, ed. Social Struggles in Archaic Rome: New Perspectives on the Conflict of the Orders, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2005.

Rabinbach, Anson. “The Challenge of the Unprecedented: Raphael Lemkin and the Concept of Genocide.” Simon Dubnow Institute Yearbook 4 (2005): 397 – 420.

Rachum, Ilan. “The Meaning of ‘Revolution’ in the English Revolution (London,1648—1660).” Journal of the History of Ideas 56, 2 (April 1995): 195 – 215.

Radan, Peter. “Lincoln, the Constitution, and Secession,” 56 – 75. In Don H. Doyle,ed., Secession as an International Phenomenon: From America’s Civil War to Contemporary Separatist Movements. Athens, Ga.: University of Georgia Press,2010.

Ramsey III, Robert D. A Masterpiece of Counterguerrilla Warfare: BG J. Franklin Bell in the Philippines, 1901—1902. The Long War Series Occasional Paper 25. Fort Leavenworth: Combat Studies Institute Press, 2007.

Ranzato, Gabriele. “Evidence et invisibilité des guerres civiles,” 17 – 25. In Jean Clément Martin, ed., La guerre civile entre histoire et mémoire. Nantes: OuestÉditions, 1994.

Rech, Walter. Enemies of Mankind: Vattel’s Theory of Collective Security. Leiden:Martinus Nijhoff, 2013.

Reiter, Dan, Stam, Allan C., and Horowitz, Michael C. “A Revised Look at Interstate Wars, 1816—2007.” Journal of Conflict Resolutio, published online October 16, 2014: http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/10/16/0022002714553107. Remak, Joachim. A Very Civil War: The Swiss Sonderbund War of 1847. Boulder:Westview Press, 1993.

Rey, Alain. “Révolution”. Histoire d’un mot. Paris: Gallimard, 1989.

Rice, Susan E., Graff, Corinne, and Lewis, Janet. Poverty and Civil War: What Policymakers Need to Know, The Brookings Institution, Global Economy and Development Working Papers 02 (December 2006).

Richardson, Lewis Fry. Statistics of Deadly Quarrels, eds. Quincy Wright and C. C.Lienau. Pittsburgh: Boxwood Press, 1960

Rieber, Alfred J. “Civil Wars in the Soviet Union.” Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 4, 1 (Winter 2003): 129 – 62.

Rohrbacher, David. The Historians of Late Antiquity. London: Routledge, 2002.Rosenberger, Veit. Bella et expeditiones. Die antike Terminologie der Kriege Roms. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1992.

Rosenfeld, Sophia. Common Sense: A Political History. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011.

Rougier, Antoine. Les Guerres Civiles et le droit des gens. Paris: L. Larose, 1903.

Rusconi, Gian Enrico. Se cessiamo di essere una nazione. Tra etnodemocrazie regionali e cittadinanza europea. Bologna: Il Mulino, 1993.

Sambanis, Nicholas. “A Review of Recent Advances and Future Directions in the Literature on Civil War.” Defense and Peace Economics 13, 2 (June 2002):215 – 43.

—.“What Is Civil War? Conceptual and Empirical Complexities of an Operational Definition.” Journal of Conflict Resolution48, 6 (December 2004): 814 – 58.

—.“It’s Official: There is Now a Civil War in Iraq.” The New York Times, July 23,2006: http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/23/opinion/23sambanis.html.

Sarkees, Meredith Reid, and Wayman, Frank Whelon. Resort to War: A Data Guide to Inter-state, Extra-state, Intra-state, and Non-state Wars, 1816—2007.Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, 2010.

Scanlon, Thomas Francis. The Influence of Thucydides on Sallus. Heidelberg: Winter,1980.

Schiavone, Aldo. Spartacus, trans. Jeremy Carden. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2013.

Schuhmann, Karl. “Hobbes’s Concept of History,” 3 – 24. In G. A. J. Rogers and Tom Sorell, eds., Hobbes and History. London: Routledge, 2000.

Schnur, Roman. Revolution und Weltburgerkrieg. Studien zur Ouverture nach 1789.Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1983.

—. Rivoluzione e guerra civile, ed. Pier Paolo Portinaro. Milan: Giuffrè Editore,1986.

Seager, Robin. Pompey the Great: A Political Biography, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2002.

—.“Sulla,” 165 – 207. In J. A. Crook, Andrew Lintott, and Elizabeth Rawson, eds.,The Cambridge Ancient History, 2nd edn.: XI: The Last Age of the Roman Republic, 146—43 B.C. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

Seaward, Paul. “Clarendon, Tacitism, and the Civil Wars of Europe,” 285 – 306. In Paulina Kewes, ed., The Uses of History in Early Modern England. San Marino,CA: The Huntington Library, 2006.

Serna, Pierre. “Toute révolution est guerre d’indépendance,” 19 – 49. In Jean-Luc Chappey, Bernard Gainot, Guillaume Mazeau, Frédéric Régent, and Pierre Serna, Pour quoi faire la Révolution. Marseille: Agone, 2012.

Sewell, Jr., William H. Logics of History: Social Theory and Social Transformation.Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005.

Shapiro, James. ‘”Metre meete to furnish Lucans style”: Reconsidering Marlowe’s Lucan,” 315 – 26. In Kenneth Friedenreich, Roma Gill, and Constance B.Kuriyama, eds., “A Poet and a Filthy Playmaker”: New Essays on Christopher Marlowe. New York: AMS Press, 1988.

Sheehan, James J. Where Have All the Soldiers Gone? The Transformation of Modern Europe. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2008.

Sherwin-White, A. N. The Roman Citizenship, 2nd edn. Oxford: Clarendon Press,1973.

Shy, John. A People Numerous and Armed: Reflections on the Military Struggle for American Independence, rev. edn. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press,1990.

Simms, Brendan. Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire, 1714—1783. London: Allen Lane, 2007.

Singer, J. David, and Melvin Small. The Wages of War, 1816—1965: A Statistical Handbook. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1972.

Siotis, Jean. Le droit de la guerre et les conflits armés d’un caractère non-internationa.Paris: Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence, 1958.

Sivakumaran, Sandesh. The Law of Non-International Armed Conflic. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Skaperdas, Stergios, et al. The Costs of Violence. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank,2009.

Skinner, Quentin. “A Genealogy of the Modern State.” Proceedings of the British Academy 162 (2009): 325 – 70.

—. Forensic Shakespeare. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.

Small, Melvin, and Singer, J. David. Resort to Arms: International and Civil Wars,1816—1980. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 1982.