第一章 第六次大灭绝(第6/6页)
[8] 世界上有三处内华达山脉,文中所指应为美国加利福尼亚州东部的内华达山脉,属人口稀少地区。——译者
[9] 云雾森林(cloud forest)是指林冠层常年或季节性地被云雾所环绕的森林,多见于热带及亚热带山地。——译者
[10] Martha L.Crump,In Search of the Golden Frog(Chicago:University of Chicago Press,2000),165.
[11] 感谢John Alroy为我介绍了背景灭绝速率计算的复杂性。更多相关信息参见:“Speciation and Extinction in the Fossil Record of North American Mammals,”in Speciation and Patterns of Diversity,edited by Roger Butlin,Jon Bridle,and Dolph Schluter(Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2009),310-323。
[12] A.Hallam and and P.B.Wignall,Mass Extinctions and Their Aftermath(Oxford:Oxford University Press,1997),1.
[13] David Jablonski,“Extinctions in the Fossil Record,”in Extinction Rates,edited by John H.Lawton and Robert M.May(Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995),26.
[14] Michael Benton,When Life Nearly Died:The Greatest Mass Extinction of All Time(New York:Thames and Hudson,2003),10.
[15] David M.Raup,Extinction:Bad Genes or Bad Luck?(New York:Norton,1991),84.
[16] John Alroy,personal communication,June 9,2013.
[17] Joseph R.Mendelson,“Shifted Baselines,Forensic Taxonomy,and Rabbs’Fringe-limbed Treefrog:The Changing Role of Biologists in an Era of Amphibian Declines and Extinctions,”Herpetological Review 42(2011):21-25.
[18] Malcolm L.McCallum,“Amphibian Decline or Extinction?Current Declines Dwarf Background Extinction Rates,”Journal of Herpetology 41(2007):483-491.
[19] Michael Hoffmann et al.,“The Impact of Conservation on the Status of the World’s Vertebrates,”Science 330(2010):1503-1509.See also Spineless—Status and Trends of the World’s Invertebrates,a report from the Zoological Society of London,published Aug.31,2012.
[20] 美国黑人摇滚乐吉他手及歌手,20世纪60年代流行音乐界的超级明星。——译者