注释（第2/5页）

[2] M. Lewis, A Social History of the Navy, 1793—1815 (1960), pp. 370, 373.

[3] Gordon Craig, The Politics of the Prussian Army 1640—1945 (1955), p. 26.

[4] A. Sorel, L’Europe et la révolution francaise, I (1922 ed.), p. 66.

[5] Considérations sur la France, Chapter IV.

[6] Quoted in L.S.Stavrianos,Antecedents to Balkan Revolutions, Journal of Modern History,XXIX,1957, p.344.

[7] G. Bodart, Losses of Life in Modem Wars (1916), p. 133.

[8] J. Vicens Vives ed. Historia Social de Espaňa y America (1956), IV, ii, p. 15.

[9] G. Bruun, Europe and the French Imperium (1938), p. 72.

[10] J. Leverrier, La Naissance de l’armée nationale, 1789—94 (1939), p. 139; G.Lefebvre,Napoléon(1936), pp. 198, 527; M. Lewis, op. cit., p. 119; Parliamentary Papers XVII, 1859, p. 15.

[11] Mulhall, Dictionary of Statistics: War.

[12] Cabinet Cyclopedia, I, pp. 55—6 (‘Manufactures in Metal’).

[13] E. Tarlé, Le Blocus continental et le royaume d’Italie(1928), pp. 3—4, 25—31; H. Sée, Histoire Economique de la France,II, p. 52; Mulhall, loc. cit.

[14] Gayer, Rostow and Schwartz, Growth and Fluctuation of the British Economy, 1790—1850 (1953), pp. 646—9; F. Crouzet, Le blocus continental et l’économie Britannique (1958), p. 868 ff.

第五章 和平

[1] Castlereagh, Correspondence, Third Series, XI, p. 105.

[2] Gentz, Depêches inédites, I, p. 371.

[3] J. Richardson, My Dearest Uncle, Leopold of the Belgians (1961), p. 165.

[4] R. Cameron, op. cit. p. 85.

[5] F. Ponteil, Lafayette et la Pologne (1934).

第六章 革命

[1] Luding Boerne, Gesammelte Schriften, III, pp. 130—1.

[2] Memoirs of Prince Metternich, p. 468.

[3] Vienna, Verwaltungsarchiv: Polizeihofstelle H 136/1834, passim.

[4] Guizot, Of Democracy in Modern Societies (London 1838), p. 32.

[5] The most lucid discussion of this general revolutionary strategy is contained in Marx’ articles in the Neue Rheinische Zeitung during the 1848 revolution.

[6] M. L. Hansen, The Atlantic Migration (1945), p. 147.

[7] F. C. Mather, The Government and the Chartists, in A. Briggs ed. Chartist Studies(1959).

[8] cf. Parliamentary Papers, XXXIV, of 1834; answers to question 53 (causes and consequences of the agricultural riots and burning of 1830 and 1831), e.g. Lambourn, Speen (Berks), Steeple Claydon (Bucks), Bonington (Glos), Evenley (Northants).

[9] R. Dautry, 1848 et la Deuxième République (1848), p. 80.

[10] St. Kiniewicz, La Pologne et l’Italie à I’époque du printemps des peuples. La Pologne au Xe Congrés International Historique, 1955, p. 245.

[11] D. Cantimori in F. Fejtö ed., The Opening of an Era: 1848 (1948), p. 119.

[12] D. Read, Press and People (1961), p. 216.

[13] Irene Collins, Government and Newspaper Press in France, 1814—81 (1959).

[14] cf. E. J. Hobsbawm, Primitive Rebels (1959). pp.171—2; V. Volguine, Les idées socialistes et communistes dans les sociétés secrètes (Questions d’Histoire, II, 1954,pp.10—37); A. B. Spitzer, The Revolutionary Theories of Auguste Blanqui (1957), pp.165—6.

[15] G.D. H. Cole and A. W. Filson, British Working Class Movements. Select Documents (1951), p. 402

[16] J. Zubrzycki, Emigration from Poland, Population Studies, VI, (1952—3), p. 248.

[17] Engels to Marx, March 9, 1847.

第七章 民族主义

[1] Hoffmann v. Fallersleben, Der Deutsche Zollverein, in Unpolitische Lieder.

[2] G. Weill, L’Enseignement Sécondaire en France 1801—1920 (1921), p.72.

[3] E. de Laveleye, L’Instruction Ju Peuple (1872), p. 278.

[4] F. Paulsen, Geschichte des Gelehrten Unterrichts (1897), II, p. 703; A. Daumard, Les élèves de l’Ecole Poly-technique 1815—48 (Rev. d’Hist. Mod. et Contemp. V. 1958); The total number of German and Belgian students in an average Semester of the early 1840’s was about 14,000. J. Conrad, Die Frequenzverhältnisse der Universitäten der hauptsächlichen Kulturländer (Jb. f. Nationalōk. u. Statistik LVI, 1895, pp. 376 ff.)

[5] L. Liard, L’Enseignement Supérieur en France 1789—1889 (1888), p. 11 ff.

[6] Paulsen, op. cit., II, pp. 690—1.

[7] Handwörterbuch d.Staabwissenschaften (2nd ed.) art. Buchhandel.

[8] Laveleye, op. cit., p. 264.

[9] W. Wachsmuth, Europäische Sittengeschichte, V, 2 (1839), pp. 807—8.

[10] J. Sigmann, L’es radicaux badois et l’idée nationàle allemande en 1848.Etudes d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine, II, 1948, pp. 213—4.

[11] J. Miskolczy, Ungarn und die Habsburger-Monarchie (1959), p. 85.

第八章 土地

[1] Haxthausen, Studien ... ueber Russland (1847), II, p. 3.

[2] J. Billingsley, Survey of the Board of Agriculture for Somerset (1798), p. 52.

[3] The figures are based on the ‘New Domesday Book’of 1871—3, but there is no reason to believe that they do not represent the situation in 1848.

[4] Handwörterbuch d.Staatswissenschaften (Second Ed.), art. Grundbesitz.

[5] Th. von der Goltz, Gesch. d. Deutschen Landwirtschaft (1903), II; Sartorius v. Waltershausen, Deutsche Wirtschaftsgeschichte 1815—1914 (1923), p.132.

[6] Quoted in L. A. White ed., The Indian Journals of Lewis, Henry Morgan (1959).p 15.

[8] C. Issawi, Egypt since 1800. Journal Of Economic History, XXI, I,1961, p. 5.

[9] B.J. Hovde, The Scandinavian Countries 1720—1860 (1943), Vol. I, p. 279. For the increase in the average harvest from 6 million tons (1770) to 10 millions, see Hwb. d. Staatswissenschaften, art. Bauernbefreiung.

[10] A. Chabert, Essai sur les mouvements des prix et des revenus 1798—1820 (1949) II, p.27 ff; l. L’Huillier, Recherches sur l’Alsace Napoléonienne (1945), p.470.

[11] eg. G. Desert in E. Labrousse ed. Aspects de la Crise . . . 1846—51 (1956), p.58.

[12] J. Godechot, La Grande Nation (1956), II, p. 584.

[13] A. Agthe, Ursprung u. Lage d. Landarbeiter in Livland (1909), pp. 122—8.

[15] F. Luetge, Auswirkung der Bauernbefreiung, in Jb. f. Nat. Oek. 157, 1943, p.353 ff.

[16] R.Zangheri, Prime Ricerche sulla distribuzione delta proprietà fondiaria (1957).

[17] E. Sereni, Il Capitalismo nelle Campagne (1948), pp. 175—6.

[19] Dal Pane, Storia del Lavoro in Italia dagli inizi del secolo XVIII al 1815(1958), p.119 .

[20] R.Zangheri ed. Le Campagne emiliane nell’epoca moderna (1957), p. 73.

[21] J. Vicens Vives, ed. Historia Social y Economica de España y America(1959). IVii,pp. 92, 95.

[22] M. Emerit, L’état intellectuel et moral de l’Algérie en 1830, Revue d’Histoire Moderne et Contemporaine,I, 1954,p.207.

[23] R. Dutt, The Economic History of India under early British Rule (n.d. Fourth Ed.), p.88.

[24] R. Dutt, India and the Victorian Age (1904), pp. 56—7.

[25] B. S. Cohn, The initial British impact on India (Journal of Asian Studies, 19, 1959—60, pp. 418—31) shows that in the Benares district (Uttar Pradesh) officials used their position to acquire land wholesale. Of 74 holders of large estates towards the end of the century, 23 owed the original title to the land to their connections with civil servants (p. 430).